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histopathology:lexicon
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histopathology:lexicon [2016/07/24 07:43] pkleczek [Mitoza] |
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| - | ~~NOTRANS~~ | ||
| - | ====== Leksykon ====== | ||
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| - | ===== Rozplem ===== | ||
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| - | ([[http://sjp.pwn.pl/doroszewski/rozplem;5492210.html|SJP PWN]]) | ||
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| - | - rozmnażanie się, rozrost komórek w organizmie; | ||
| - | - nadmierne powiększanie się jakiegoś narządu na skutek rozrostu jego komórek | ||
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| - | ===== Monomorfizm ===== | ||
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| - | jednakowe cechy cytologiczne komórek guza | ||
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| - | ===== Gniazdo komórkowe ===== | ||
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| - | Małe zgrupowanie komórek danego typu, innych od pozostałych komórek w tkance. [( :cite:med-dict-2012 >> title: Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing; publisher: Farlex; published: 2012 )] | ||
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| - | W przypadku skóry mamy do czynienia głównie z gniazdami melanocytów (//nests of melanocytes//, //melanocytic nests//). | ||
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| - | [{{:histopathology:lexicon:nest_melanocytes.jpg?direct&200|Gniazdo melanocytów tworzące strukturę neuroidalną przypominającą ciałko Pacciniego, otoczone jest przez śluzowaciejące podścielisko. (Źródło: [[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SkinTumors-336.jpg|wiki]])}}] | ||
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| - | ===== Kariocyt ===== | ||
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| - | dowolna komórka posiadająca jądro | ||
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| - | ===== Desmosom ===== | ||
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| - | desmosomy to połączenia wzmacniające - wzmacniają więzi między komórkami | ||
| - | * desmosomy pasmowe | ||
| - | * desmosomy dyskowe | ||
| - | desmosomy są liczne w naskórku | ||
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| - | [{{:histopathology:lexicon:desmosomes_stratum_spinosum.jpg?direct&200|Desmosomy w warstwie kolczystej naskórka}}] | ||
| - | <WRAP clear/> | ||
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| - | ===== Scanning magnification ===== | ||
| - | |||
| - | powiększenie umożliwiające szybką całościową ocenę zmiany (2-5x) | ||
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| - | ===== Artefakt ===== | ||
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| - | struktura tkanki lub komórki, która powstała w procesie przygotowywania danego preparatu, nieistniejąca faktycznie w żywym organizmie (biofakt) | ||
| - | |||
| - | **szczelina** (in. artefakt brzeżny) - "wcięcie" występujące na krawędzi zmiany | ||
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| - | ===== Eozynofilny, eozynochłonny ===== | ||
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| - | barwiący się na różowo przy barwieniu H&E | ||
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| - | ===== Mitoza ===== | ||
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| - | [{{:histopathology:lexicon:mitosis1.jpg?direct&200|Mitoza (źródło: [[http://www.pathpedia.com/education/eatlas/histopathology/skin_and_adnexa/melanoma_balloon_cell_type.aspx|PathPedia]])}}] | ||
| - | [{{:histopathology:lexicon:atypical_mitosis.jpg?direct&200|Atypowe mitozy (źródło: [[http://www.pathologystudent.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/mitoses1.jpg|Pathology Student]])}}] | ||
| - | <WRAP clear/> | ||
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| - | **Jak "domorośle" znaleźć atypowe mitozy?** (źródło: [[http://www.pathologystudent.com/?p=5689|Pathology Student]]) | ||
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| - | My general rule of thumb is to look for an elongated dark blob. Check out the image above: there are three mitotic figures, and the ones at 3 o’clock and 5 o’clock like little black bars. These little bars represent the chromosomes all lined up in metaphase, getting ready to separate. It’s pretty distinctive; there aren’t many other things that look like this. | ||
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| - | The problem is when you see a dark thing that’s not really an elongated bar shape, but more of a rounded blob. There are other things that can look like little dark dots, notably cells undergoing apoptosis. In apoptosis, the nucleus becomes pyknotic (it shrinks and becomes a dark, dense dot). It can be hard to tell an apoptotic cell apart from a cell undergoing mitosis, particularly when the shape is sort of in between, like the circled cell at 11 o’clock (which I would call a mitotic figure). | ||
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| - | There is a special type of mitotic figure called a tripolar mitosis that you should be aware of. It’s called tripolar because there are three radiating spokes coming out from a center hub; it looks like a little Mercedes sign. This type of mitotic figure indicates that mitosis is not proceeding normally. Tripolar mitoses (or, by the way, any mitotic figures with odd numbers of spokes) are considered definitive signs of malignancy; you just don’t see them in normally-dividing cells. | ||
histopathology/lexicon.1469339018.txt.gz · Last modified: 2020/03/25 11:46 (external edit)
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