Research work sectionGRANTY 2002
18.18.180.130
Kierownik: Dr inż. J. Nowakowski
Badanie procesu przeprowadzania kadmu w fazę gazową z osadów cementacyjnych elektrolizy cynku i kondensacji uzyskanych par.
Investigation of the Process Transferring Cadmium into Gaseous Phase from Sementation Deposits of Zinc Electrolysis and Condensation of the Obtained Vapours.
Kierownik: Dr inż. J. Nowakowski
Badanie procesu przeprowadzania kadmu w fazę gazową z osadów cementacyjnych elektrolizy cynku i kondensacji uzyskanych par.
Investigation of the Process Transferring Cadmium into Gaseous Phase from Sementation Deposits of Zinc Electrolysis and Condensation of the Obtained Vapours.
Badania prowadzi się dla tzw. surowej gąbki kadmowej powstającej w wyniku oczyszczania elektrolitów przeznaczonych do elektrolitycznego otrzymywania cynku. Zbadano skład chemiczny gąbki pochodzącej z przemysłu i dokonano jej analizy fazowej. Stwierdzono znaczne wahania składu chemicznego i dlatego dalsze prace prowadzono dla gąbki o składzie uśredniony, w którym najważniejsze składniki są następujące: Cd - 85-90%; Pb - 0,5 - 1,0%; Zn - 3,0 - 6,0 %. Wilgotność wynosi od 25 - do 39% H2O. Analiza rentgenograficzna wykazała, że gąbka zawiera głównie siarczany i niewielkie ilości tlenków w/w metali. Zaproponowano metodę przygotowania gąbki do otrzymywania kadmu i sprawdzono doświadczalnie sposób wyprowadzania kadmu z gąbki na drodze destylacji. Wykonano obliczenia termodynamiczne dla określenia prężności par dla układu Zn-Pb-Cd dla określenia najlepszych parametrów procesu destylacji. Wykonano badania doświadczalne i na ich podstawie określono parametry procesu tj. temperaturę nagrzewania wsadu jako 10500C, a kondensatora ~ 4500C, które to warunki zapewniają najlepszą wydajność i jakość otrzymanego kadmu metalicznego.
Investigations are carried out for the so-called raw cadmium sponge formed as a result of cleaning electrolytes intended for electrolytic production of zinc. The chemical composition of sponge as used in industry was examined and its phase analysis was carried out. Since considerable oscillations in the chemical composition were observed, further studies were carried out pro sponge of averaged composition in which the most important components were as follows: Cd - 85 - 90%; Pb - 0,5 - 1,0%; Zn - 3,0 - 6,0%. Humidity was from 25% to 39% H2O. X - ray analysis has shown that the sponge contains mainly sulfates and small amounts of oxides of the above mentioned metals. A method of preparing the sponge to obtain cadmium has been proposed and a procedure of separating cadmium from the sponge by distillation was tested in experiments. Thermodynamic calculations to determine the vapours pressure for the Zn- Pb- Cd system were conducted intended to determine the best parameters of the distillation process. Experimental investigations were carried out and on their basic the process parameters were established, i.e. the heating temperature of the charge as 1050oC, and the condenser temperature as ~4500C. These conditions guarantee the highest efficiency and quality of the obtained metallic cadmium
Investigations are carried out for the so-called raw cadmium sponge formed as a result of cleaning electrolytes intended for electrolytic production of zinc. The chemical composition of sponge as used in industry was examined and its phase analysis was carried out. Since considerable oscillations in the chemical composition were observed, further studies were carried out pro sponge of averaged composition in which the most important components were as follows: Cd - 85 - 90%; Pb - 0,5 - 1,0%; Zn - 3,0 - 6,0%. Humidity was from 25% to 39% H2O. X - ray analysis has shown that the sponge contains mainly sulfates and small amounts of oxides of the above mentioned metals. A method of preparing the sponge to obtain cadmium has been proposed and a procedure of separating cadmium from the sponge by distillation was tested in experiments. Thermodynamic calculations to determine the vapours pressure for the Zn- Pb- Cd system were conducted intended to determine the best parameters of the distillation process. Experimental investigations were carried out and on their basic the process parameters were established, i.e. the heating temperature of the charge as 1050oC, and the condenser temperature as ~4500C. These conditions guarantee the highest efficiency and quality of the obtained metallic cadmium
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